Wildlife management is a cross-disciplinary field seeking to protect, preserve, and perpetuate rare species and subspecies and their habitats and minimize and solve conflicts between humans and wildlife. Drawing on diverse knowledge areas, including biology, chemistry, climatology, mathematics, and geography, it uses various rules and regulations and cares for and monitors wildlife populations to keep all parties involved safe. Two main types of wildlife management exist: active and inactive. Also referred to as direct or manipulative, active wildlife management involves directly influencing population numbers. It is typically necessary when a species’ population soars to an unsustainable level or dramatically drops, and the species becomes threatened or endangered. An animal population qualifies as threatened when it appears to decrease unnaturally or is likely to become endangered. Endangered are those animal species that have ended with a tiny population and professionals think would go extinct without taking preservation efforts. Species with very restricted habitats and eating only specific types of foods often fall in the threatened or endangered categories. To alter the number of animals, wildlife managers apply various active practices, including artificial stocking, hunting, hunting regulations, habitat improvement, predator control, and disease spread control and prevention. Artificial stocking refers to the practice of capturing animals from areas where they are in larger quantities and releasing them into others with suitable living conditions where they are sparse. Another form is the reintroduction of extinct species. Hunting is a widespread active wildlife management practice that helps balance the number of animals per habitat. In addition, the revenues collected from hunting and fishing licenses and permits also contribute to financing wildlife management initiatives. Hunting regulations establish the allowed hunting limits on a daily or seasonal basis, as well as per person and legal method. By adjusting them, wildlife managers can preserve or decrease animal populations and protect their habitats. Habitat improvement is another way of protecting species’ habitats. Succession impacts habitats and what type and how much wildlife they can support. Succession is the natural process of orderly and predictable replacement of plant and animal populations by other plants and animals. For example, the formation of a tree’s canopy as it grows causes the disappearance of grasses and shrubs and the animals that live or hide in them. Wildlife managers can influence the succession process and slow it down by cutting down or burning trees to encourage new growth. Doing so allows them to boost the number of certain wildlife species. On the other end of the spectrum is predator control or decreasing the density of predators. Wildlife managers use it to stabilize wildlife populations, especially those of threatened and endangered species. Predator hunting and trapping are examples of predator control. Diseases can have hugely detrimental consequences for wildlife populations. Wildlife managers try to mitigate them via disease spread control and prevention. For example, they vaccinate individual animals against specific diseases or burn carcasses in case of a massive sick rate. Inactive wildlife management, called custodial or passive, encompasses more preventive and protective actions to minimize the external factors that impact wildlife populations and their habitats. These include establishing protected areas with optimal environmental conditions, such as marine sanctuaries, national parks, and wildlife refuges, where conservation laws safeguard threatened species. Keeping track of wildlife populations and preventing flyways and nesting grounds from interference are also examples of inactive management practices. Wildlife managers regularly monitor various species’ birth and mortality rates and their habitats’ conditions. The collected data helps them implement hunting regulations and decide whether they need to introduce other wildlife management practices to conserve certain species. via WordPress https://jefferyroygrant.wordpress.com/2022/12/15/wildlife-management-definition-types-and-practices/
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